The Contract Of Carriage By Air

This book, discusses the Montreal Convention of 1999; an important treaty created and ratified by member States of the International Civil Aviation Organization, ICAO. The Montreal Convention established a framework for international air travel for passengers and their baggage, and air cargo. The book examines how each article of the Convention - crafted for the needs of a different era - must now respond to some of the very specific imperatives of our own, including AI, cyber threats, biometric surveillance, in-flight discrimination, pandemics, delay, and data loss. The Contract of Carriage by Air argues that legal interpretation must move beyond textualism into engagement with dignity, equity, and technological realism. From passenger injury to cargo liability, from psychological trauma to the rights of persons with disabilities, this work reveals the gaps in current protections and offers compelling pathways for reform. The book reminds the reader that international law cannot remain static. It must evolve. Drawing on jurisprudence, policy, and history, this volume is both a critique, and a call to action. The Montreal Convention, like the air transport industry it governs, must remain up to date and relevant. An important reference work for scholars and regulators in law and aviation.